Quantitative and qualitative research free essay sample

Quantitative and Qualitative Research Learning Objectives for Chapter 4 Upon consummation of this part, the peruser ought to have the option to: Understand the contrasts among quantitative and subjective exploration, including: the varying presumptions hidden the two methodologies; the techniques normal of each approach; and Understand and talk about how these two ways to deal with research differentially impact the logical inquiries posed, the philosophies utilized, and the ends drawn, and why this is imperative to consider. It is critical to perceive that deliberate perception and testing can be practiced utilizing a wide assortment of techniques. Numerous individuals consider logical request carefully regarding research facility experimentation. In any case, it is neither conceivable nor attractive to concentrate all marvels of enthusiasm under controlled research facility conditions. The plan of any investigation starts with the determination of a point and an examination philosophy. These underlying choices reflect suspicions about the social world, how science ought to be directed, and what establishes genuine issues, arrangements, and standards of confirmation. We will compose a custom paper test on Quantitative and subjective exploration or on the other hand any comparable point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Various ways to deal with research incorporate both hypothesis and strategy. Two general methodologies are broadly perceived: quantitative examination and subjective exploration. Quantitative examination is an investigation into a distinguished issue, in light of testing a hypothesis, estimated with numbers, and dissected utilizing factual procedures. The objective of quantitative techniques is to decide if the prescient speculations of a hypothesis remain constant. On the other hand, an investigation dependent on a subjective procedure of request has the objective of understanding a social or human issue from various points of view. Subjective esearch is led in a characteristic setting and includes a procedure of building an unpredictable and all encompassing image of the wonder of intrigue. The determination of which examination approach is suitable in a given report ought to be founded on the issue of intrigue, assets accessible, the abilities and preparing of the analyst, and the crowd for the exploration. Albeit some exploration may fuse both quantitative and subjective techniques, in their unadulterated structure there are noteworthy contrasts in the suspicions fundamental these methodologies, just as in the information assortment and examination methodology utilized. For what reason is the qualification among quantitative and subjective examination significant? It is critical to have the option to recognize and comprehend the exploration approach basic any given investigation in light of the fact that the choice of an examination approach impacts the inquiries posed, the techniques picked, the measurable examinations utilized, the deductions made, and a definitive objective of the examination. When fundamentally looking into logical examination, the inquiries posed, and the appropriate responses given, will vary contingent on whether the exploration is quantitative or subjective. Quantitative Methods Assumptions Underlying Quantitative Methods eality is objective, out there, and autonomous of the scientist in this way the truth is something that can be concentrated equitably; the specialist ought to stay far off and autonomous of what is being explored; the estimations of the analyst don't meddle with, or become some portion of, the examination research is sans esteem; research depends principally on deductive types of rationale and speculations and theories are tried in a reason impact request; and the objective is to create speculations that add to hypothesis that empower the scientist to anticipate, clarify, and see some marvel. 2 Experiments 0 True trials are portrayed by irregular task of subjects to test conditions and the utilization of exploratory controls. 2. Semi Experiments 0 Quasi-test contemplates share practically all the highlights of exploratory structures with the exception of that they include non-randomized task of subjects to test conditio ns. 3. Studies incorporate cross-sectional and longitudinal investigations utilizing polls or meetings for information assortment with the aim of evaluating the qualities of an enormous populace of premium dependent on a littler example from that populace. Subjective Methods Assumptions Underlying Qualitative Methods various real factors exist in some random circumstance the analysts, those of the people being examined, and the peruser or crowd deciphering the outcomes; the investigation; the scientist cooperates with those he considers and effectively attempts to limit the separation between the specialist and those being explored; the analyst expressly perceives and recognizes the worth loaded nature of the exploration; research is setting bound; research depends on inductive types of rationale; classifications of premium rise up out of nformants (subjects), as opposed to being distinguished from the earlier by the specialist; the objective is to reveal and find examples or hypotheses that help clarify a wonder of premium; and judgments of precision include checking the data with witnesses or triangulating among various wellsprings of data (e. g. gathering data from various sources). Three general kinds of subjective strategies: Case Studies 0 For a situation study the scientist investigates a solitary element or marvel (the case) limited by time and movement (e. g. , a program, occasion, nstitution, or social gathering) and gathers nitty gritty data through an assortment of information assortment techniques over a supported timeframe. The contextual analysis is an unmistakable record of a people encounters or potentially practices kept by an outside onlooker. 2. Ethnographic Studies 0 In ethnographic examination the specialist considers an unblemished social gathering in a characteristic setting over a particular timeframe. A social gathering can be any gathering of people who share a typical social encounter, area, or other social trait of intrigue this could extend from an ethnographic investigation of gorilla casualties in emergency covers, to youngsters in child care, to an investigation of a social gathering in Africa. Phenomenological Studies 0 In a phenomenological study, human encounters are inspected through the definite portrayal of the individuals being contemplated the objective is includes exploring a little gathering of individuals seriously over a significant stretch of time. Inquiries to consider while assessing logical proof Was a quantitative or subjective examination approach received? Was the exploration approach proper given the issue examined and the objectives of the examination? Was the procedure of examination predictable with the fundamental suppositions of the exploration utilized? Were fitting kinds of ends drawn given the examination approach utilized?

Part Two Chapter IV Free Essays

string(66) to her in close T-shirts; they watched scarcely out of their teens. IV Samantha’s supper greeting to Kay had been roused by a blend of vindictiveness and weariness. She considered it to be reprisal against Miles, who was consistently occupied with plans in which he gave her no state yet with which he anticipated that her should co-work; she needed to perceive how he loved it when she masterminded things without speaking with him. At that point she would gain a sudden advantage over Maureen and Shirley, those meddlesome old hags, who were so interested by Gavin’s exclusive issues yet knew close to nothing about the connection among him and his London sweetheart. We will compose a custom paper test on Section Two Chapter IV or on the other hand any comparable theme just for you Request Now At long last, it would manage the cost of her another chance to hone her hooks on Gavin for being pusillanimous and hesitant about his affection life: she may discuss weddings before Kay or state that it was so ideal to see Gavin making a responsibility finally. Be that as it may, her arrangements for the frustration of others gave Samantha less joy than she had trusted. When on Saturday morning she mentioned to Miles what she had done, he responded with dubious energy. ‘Great, better believe it, we haven’t had Gavin round for a long time. What's more, pleasant for you to become acquainted with Kay.’ ‘Why?’ ‘Well, you generally continued ahead with Lisa, didn’t you?’ ‘Miles, I abhorred Lisa.’ ‘Well, OK †¦ possibly you’ll like Kay better!’ She frowned at him, pondering where this affableness was originating from. Lexie and Libby, home for the end of the week and cooped up in the house in view of the downpour, were viewing a music DVD in the living room; a guitar-loaded song boomed through to the kitchen where their folks stood talking. ‘Listen,’ said Miles, waving his portable, ‘Aubrey needs to stop for a moment to chat with me about the gathering. I’ve just called Dad, and the Fawleys have welcomed all of us to supper today around evening time at Sweetlove †‘ ‘No thanks,’ said Samantha, cutting him off. She was out of nowhere loaded with a wrath she could scarcely clarify, even to herself. She left the room. They contended in soft tones everywhere throughout the house as the day progressed, making an effort not to ruin their daughters’ end of the week. Samantha would not adjust her perspective or to examine her reasons. Miles, terrified of blowing up at her, was on the other hand placating and cold. ‘How do you think it’s going to look on the off chance that you don’t come?’ he said at ten to eight that night, remaining in the entryway of the parlor, prepared to leave, wearing formal attire. ‘It’s nothing to do with me, Miles,’ Samantha said. ‘You’re the one running for office.’ She loved watching him vacillate. She realized that he was panicked of being late, yet pondering whether he could in any case convince her to go with him. ‘You know they’ll be expecting both of us.’ ‘Really? No one sent me an invitation.’ ‘Oh, chill out, Sam, you realize they implied †they underestimated it †‘ ‘More fool them, at that point. I’ve let you know, I don’t extravagant it. You’d better rush. You don’t need to keep Mummy and Daddy waiting.’ He left. She tuned in to the vehicle switching out of the drive, at that point went into the kitchen, opened a container of wine and brought it once again into the living room with a glass. She continued imagining Howard, Shirley and Miles all eating together at Sweetlove House. It would definitely be the first climax Shirley had in quite a while. Her contemplations turned compellingly to what her bookkeeper had said to her during the week. Benefits were path down, whatever she had claimed to Howard. The bookkeeper had really proposed shutting the shop and focusing on the online side of the business. This would be an affirmation of disappointment that Samantha was not set up to make. For a certain something, Shirley would adore it if the shop shut; she had been a bitch about it from the beginning. I’m sorry, Sam, it’s not so much my taste †¦ only a minuscule piece over the top †¦ But Samantha adored her little red and dark shop in Yarvil; cherished escaping from Pagford consistently, talking to clients, tattling with Carly, her aide. Her reality would be minuscule without the shop she had sustained for a long time; it would contract, so, to Pagford. (Pagford, grisly Pagford. Samantha had never intended to live here. She and Miles had arranged a year out before beginning work, a round-the-world excursion. They had their agenda mapped out, their visas prepared. Samantha had imagined about strolling shoeless and connected at the hip on long white Australian sea shores. And afterward she had discovered that she was pregnant. She had come down to visit him at ‘Ambleside’, a day after she had taken the pregnancy test, multi week after their graduation. They should leave for Singapore in eight days’ time. Samantha had not had any desire to tell Miles in his parents’ house; she was worried about the possibility that that they would catch. Shirley appeared to be behind each entryway Samantha opened in the cottage. So she held up until they were sitting at a dull corner table operating at a profit Canon. She recalled the inflexible line of Miles’ jaw when she let him know; he appeared, in some indefinable way, to get more established as the news hit him. He didn't represent a few froze seconds. At that point he stated, ‘Right. We’ll get married.’ He disclosed to her that he had just gotten her a ring, that he had been intending to propose some place great, some place like the highest point of Ayers Rock. Sufficiently sure, when they returned to the home, he uncovered the little box from where he had just shrouded it in his backpack. It was a little solitaire precious stone from a jeweller’s in Yarvil; he had gotten it with a portion of the cash his grandma had left him. Samantha had sat on the edge of Miles’ bed and cried and cried. They had hitched three months after the fact.) Alone with her jug of wine, Samantha turned on the TV. It raised the DVD Lexie and Libby had been watching: a solidified picture of four youngsters singing to her in close T-shirts; they watched scarcely out of their adolescents. You read Section Two Chapter IV in classification Paper models She squeezed play. After the young men completed their melody, the DVD slice to a meeting. Samantha slugged back her wine, watching the band messing with one another, at that point getting sincere as they talked about the amount they adored their fans. She believed that she would have referred to them as Americans regardless of whether the sound had been off. Their teeth were great. It developed late; she stopped the DVD, went upstairs and advised the young ladies to leave the PlayStation and hit the hay; at that point she came back to the living room, where she was seventy five percent of the path down the jug of wine. She had not turned on the lights. She squeezed play and continued drinking. At the point when the DVD completed, she set it back to the start and watched the bit she had missed. One of the young men showed up essentially more develop than the other three. He was more extensive over the shoulders; biceps swell underneath the short sleeves of his T-shirt; he had a thick solid neck and a square jaw. Samantha watched him undulating, gazing into the camera with a disconnected genuine appearance on his attractive face, which was all planes and points and winged dark eyebrows. She thought of sex with Miles. It had last happened three weeks beforehand. His exhibition was as unsurprising as a Masonic handshake. One of his preferred idioms was ‘if it’s not broke, don’t fix it’. Samantha discharged the remainder of the container into her glass and envisioned creation love to the kid on the screen. Her bosoms glanced better in a bra nowadays; they spilled wherever when she set down; it caused her to feel heavy and dreadful. She imagined herself, constrained back against a divider, one leg propped up, a dress pushed up to her midriff and that solid dim kid with his pants round his knees, pushing all through her †¦ With a reel in the pit of her stomach that was practically similar to bliss, she heard the vehicle turning around into the drive and the light emissions headlights swung around the dim living room. She mishandled with the controls to go over to the news, which took her any longer than it should have done; she pushed the unfilled wine bottle under the couch and grasped her practically vacant glass as a prop. The front entryway opened and shut. Miles went into the room behind her. ‘Why are you staying here in the dark?’ He turned on a light and she looked up at him. He was also prepped as he had been the point at which he left, with the exception of the raindrops on the shoulders of his coat. ‘How was dinner?’ ‘Fine,’ he said. ‘You were missed. Aubrey and Julia were sorry you couldn’t make it.’ ‘Oh, I’m sure. Also, I’ll wager your mom cried with disappointment.’ He plunked down in an easy chair at right edges to her, gazing at her. She pushed her hair out of her eyes. ‘What’s this about, Sam?’ ‘If you don’t know, Miles †‘ Be that as it may, she didn't know herself; or possibly, she didn't have the foggiest idea how to gather this rambling feeling of sick use into a lucid allegation. ‘I can’t perceive how me representing the Parish Council †‘ ‘Oh, for God’s purpose, Miles!’ she yelled, and was then somewhat shocked by how noisy her voice was. ‘Explain to me, please,’ he stated, ‘what conceivable distinction it can make to you?’ She scowled at him, battling to verbalize it for his pompous lawful psyche, which resembled a fiddling pair of tweezers in the manner that it seized on poor decisions of word, yet so frequently neglected to get a handle on the master plan. What might she be able to state that he would get it? That she

Study Reveals Missouri Payday Loans Negatively Impact Health - OppLoans

Study Reveals Missouri Payday Loans Negatively Impact Health - OppLoans Study Reveals Missouri Payday Loans Negatively Impact Health Study Reveals Missouri Payday Loans Negatively Impact HealthInside Subprime: March 28, 2019By Lindsay FrankelAccording to a new study released by Human Impact Partners in collaboration with Missouri Faith Voices, payday loans in Missouri lead to chronic stress for borrowers that puts their health at risk. Missouri focus group participants reported a number of physical and mental health problems as a result of using payday loans, and the Missouri counties with the poorest health ratings also had a higher concentration of payday lenders than healthier counties.Furthermore, the report identified a two-way relationship between health and the use of payday loans. Poor health affects a person’s earning potential by restricting employment opportunities and increasing medical costs, which creates the financial desperation that is often a precursor to the use of payday loans.Missouri residents use payday loans at twice the national average rate. This is due in part to a low minimum wage and a high percentage of unbanked residents. Borrowers’ average income falls just under $25,000, and nearly one quarter of Missourians lack access to traditional financial services or use alternative financial services such as payday loans.Unfortunately, Missouri has extremely permissive laws regarding payday loans, and lenders are allowed to charge up to 1,950% APR on a $315 payday loan. The average cost to borrow $300 for 5 months in Missouri is $563, according to Pew Charitable Trusts. The high interest rates trap borrowers in debt, leading to poorer health outcomes for borrowers. As the report notes, “Payday loans exacerbate financial stress by increasing the likelihood someone will miss bill payments, delay health care spending, or use food stamps, or even file for bankruptcy.” For most borrowers, taking out a payday loan leads to more debt and increased stress rather than financial relief.At a press conference for the release of the study, Springfield resident Patricia Reyn olds shared her personal experience with payday loans. The 73 year-old retired nurse took out her first payday loan in 2010 and spent eight years trapped in debt, taking out repeated loans that she was not able to pay off. Thanks to a small rescue loan from University Hope, Reynolds had help getting out of debt last year. She recalled the devastating impact of the ongoing financial stress on her health. I was stressed. I had high blood pressure, she said. I can go to bed now and not worry about seeing dollar signs going by (and) worrying about that. I can sleep, whereas before I couldnt. But payday lenders in Springfield continue to target Reynolds with offers for new loans.Reynolds is not alone. Since the program launched, University Hope has assisted about 65 people in relieving payday loan debt. That is just a drop in the bucket of what the need is in Springfield, said retired pastor Bob Perry, who helped found the program.Lawmakers have done little to curb predatory lending in M issouri. Payday lenders charge 450 percent APR on average. Many lenders don’t allow borrowers to make payments towards the principal of the loan unless they can pay off the entire loan, which perpetuates the debt cycle.While only state lawmakers can cap interest rates, councilman Mike Schilling has sponsored a proposed ordinance that would regulate payday lenders in Springfield. The ordinance would require clearer communication of interest rates and fees to borrowers. Lenders would also be required to obtain an annual permit for $5,000. Schilling hopes to bring the proposed ordinance to City Council after the April election.For more information on Missouri subprime loans, see our  city and state financial guides  including  Columbia,  Independence  ,  Jefferson City,  Joplin,  Kansas City  and  St. Louis.Visit  OppLoans  on  YouTube  |  Facebook  |  Twitter  |  LinkedIn

Administration of Justice, National Security, Terrorism, Protection of Classified Information - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 5 Words: 1466 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2019/10/10 Did you like this example? Topic 1: The reduction of civilian casualties in War on Terror in Afghanistan For the War on Terror to be successful in Afghanistan, all parties that play a major role in crushing the Taliban insurgency need to acknowledge that they have to win the hearts and minds of the local population. The soldiers, sailors, marines that were actively pursuing these terrorists first got training in the application of ‘discriminate violence’ to ensure that the civilian population caught in the ensuing crossfire is at a minimal. Their operations would soon reveal that confronting this irregular adversary that hide among the civilian population would often result in collateral damage. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Administration of Justice, National Security, Terrorism, Protection of Classified Information" essay for you Create order The deaths of innocent Aghanisis spark outrage among the locals while the insurgents capitalize on these killings to gain traction. Winning this war requires efforts focusing on reducing these deaths, a strategy that will encourage that local populace to partner with the security agencies while gradually distancing themselves from the extremists. Objective To incorporate available strategies and a framework that will allow the security forces on the ground to international police terrorism while reducing the number of civilian casualties. The procedures will include the cooperation of the citizens, government apparatus and foreign contingents in the area without undermining their constitutional, normative or legal rights. Operational Definitions Civilian casualties- occurs when civilians die or are maimed by non-civilians by military personnel, law enforcement officers, criminals or terrorists. According to the law of war, these are people who perish as a result of wartime acts. Problem Statement How can all the parties involved in fighting terrorism in Afghanistan reduce the number of civilian casualties while still carrying out their mandate? Hypotheses Bridging the gap between the law enforcement agencies and civilians is necessary if they are to receive reliable information that will see the operations bear fruit while reducing collateral damage. Research Philosophy Making use of all available reference sources and carrying out expert interviews. Research Approach The research study will emphasize on developing strategies that will be instrumental in ensuring that there is a reduction in civilian casualties Research Strategy A case study approach combined with a qualitative method of research. Time Horizon Because the research is longitudinal, the study will examine available resources versus future needs. Data Collection Methods Since the researcher in question works in Afghanistan as a security specialist and has direct access to the populace, the most convenient method of data collection will be the use of a questionnaire.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Potential Impact of social change The general expectation of the social consequences that this study will have is a change in attitude when dealing with the locals and in turn valuing every single member. An attitude change will also foster good relations between the parties in question thus contributing in fighting terrorism. Topic 2: Determining the real enemies of peace in a country where old rivalries The war against the Taliban and terrorism in Afghanistan has over the year been a mix up of traditional rivalries that were already in existence before the US led invasion to place. Traditional rivalries amongst the tribal elders and their supporters create a downward spiral that has made it a daunting task trying to restore law and order. The nation consists of what many security experts like to term as a ‘shifting mosaic† of tribal leaders and the many factions with rivalries, a situation that makes pointing out the real enemies of peace and stability hard to say. If one faction had an enemy around the same area as the Coalition Forces, they would easily inform on them by labeling them as â€Å"Taliban.† In most occasions, innocent villagers would become the victims of these rivalries that would leave many died during their wake. In essence, bad intelligence was to blame, but one was to look at the bigger picture, it was the old rivalries that are the real culpri ts that seen to perpetuate a cycle of unending violence. Study Objective To implement strategies that will ensure that the information which enforcers of law and order receive can go through a verification process. Such a framework will ensure that old rivalries do not come into play during the search for the real terrorists. Operational Definitions Tribal rivalries- The state of antagonism that exists between two or more tribes that see them continue with a situation of opposition towards each other. In the most occasions, jealousy and competition fuel it to greater proportions that lead to direct conflict. Problem Statement How can the Afghanistan maintain its National Security agenda by ensuring that they go after the real enemy of stability and not the victims of old rivalries? Hypotheses Understanding the old rivalries that exist in this land and considering them while seeking the actual terrorist. Personnel in charge of these operations will thus have a better understanding of the social landscape giving them an opportunity to avoid acting arbitrarily. Research Philosophy Making use of all available reference sources and carrying out expert interviews. Research Approach The research will focus on developing beneficial strategies that will be instrumental in ensuring that there is a reduction in civilian casualties Research Strategy A case study approach combined with a qualitative method of research. Time Horizon Because the research is longitudinal, the study will examine available resources versus future needs. Data Collection Methods Since the researcher in question works in Afghanistan as a security specialist and has direct access to the populace, the most convenient method of data collection will be the use of a questionnaire. Potential Impact of social change Understanding the traditional rivalries that exist between factions will ensure that proper research occurs before pointing out the real insurgents. As a result, these efforts will go a long way in ending inter-ethnic strife while promoting efforts towards nation building. Topic 3: Corruption in Afghanistan and how it affects counter-insurgency efforts The Afghan society has for a long time been the victim of an existential problem, corruption. Within this society, all the major debacles that the government faces including the Taliban insurgency, all have ties to crime. Presently, corruption takes the form of offering or demanding a bribe in public and private sectors throughout the country. Police officers have been known to extort money from local shopkeepers, levy taxes during routine stops and colluding with criminals, which in most cases include the insurgents they ought to be fighting. Study Objective To institute a practical framework that will see the administration in Afghanistan take corruption head-on to aid in the greater goal of suppressing the insurgency in the and the residual effects it might have had on the greater Afghan population. Operational Definitions Corruption- Refers to dishonest behavior by those in positions of power. Bribery- asking for gifts or money in exchange for favors and special treatment. Problem Statement How does corruption in Afghanistan affect the countrys counterinsurgency efforts? Research Philosophy Making use of all available reference sources and carrying out expert interviews. Research Approach The research will focus on developing strategies that will be instrumental in ensuring that there is a reduction in civilian casualties Research Strategy A case study approach combined with a qualitative method of research. Time Horizon Because the research is longitudinal, the study will examine available resources versus future needs. Data Collection Methods Since the researcher in question works in Afghanistan as a security specialist and has direct access to the populace, the most convenient method of data collection will be the use of a questionnaire.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Potential Impact of social change The general expectation of the social implications that this study will have is a behavior change from the normalization of corruption while bringing people to the realization that it is detrimental to any development efforts. Topic 4: Bad Governance in Afghanistan and the role it plays Afghanistan, post-2002 has been a country wrought with weak state institutions that are unable to function as per international standards. The situation is due to the unwillingness of these agencies to implement government policies and enforce laws, which leaves the country at the mercies of its internal enemies. Additionally, the country has power brokers who are either official or unofficial that often issue exceptions from the law and law enforcement agencies to their vast network of friends for them to reap economic benefits. The national government also foments feelings of alienation among the ordinary Afghanis that often leads to semi-clandestine militias and the Taliban resurfacing. Study Objective To implement a framework that will aid the Afghan people to fight terrorism by first dealing with issues of bad governance that provides fertile ground for terrorist groups such as the Taliban to thrive. Operational Definitions Governance- the action of enforcing norms, laws or policies over a territory that is under ones jurisdiction. Problem Statement How does bad governance in the greater Afghanistan region promote to the security issue that it faces?

Light Pollution - 1702 Words

There is a growing menace in today’s society known as light pollution. Light pollution is essentially excessive light from outside lighting fixtures that is misused and causes several negative effects. This increasing and perplexing issue is often magnified by industrialization and urban development which often neglects to consider the momentous problems light pollution causes. Despite serious efforts to minimize light pollution, â€Å"†¦light pollution rises about 6% every year† (Parks 30). One should know what light pollution entails, the adverse effects and costs of light pollution, ways it can be minimized, and how to appeal to the general public to help alleviate the problem. In more complex terms, light pollution is known as obtrusive†¦show more content†¦Birds often collide with lighted buildings and veer from their migratory courses due to light pollution. Even insects are impacted from light pollution because artificial lights may cause them to stay in close proximity to that light for the whole duration of the night. An insect therefore â€Å"expends too much energy and interferes with mating and migration†¦makes them easy prey for bats†¦and impacts all species who rely on insects for food or pollination† (â€Å"Light Pollution and Wildlife†). Overall, wildlife suffers at the expense of light polluters. Light pollution has also been linked to causing negative health and safety implications for humans. Blue light strains the eye making it more difficult for one to focus on an object because blue light scatters in one’s eyes similar to how it scatters in the atmosphere (â€Å"Light Pollution and Human Health†). The types of lighting individuals expose their eyes to impacts their vision which becomes more noticeable in later years. Light pollution frequently causes â€Å"disability glare† when an individual is driving and causes temporary blindness creating a hazard for all those on the roadway. Comparable to many species ofShow MoreRelatedLight Pollution3142 Words   |  13 PagesLight pollution happened slowly at first which was several decades ago it was a process that was hardly noticeable. A light here, a light there, burning way into the dark nighttime realm, helping us see in the darkness when people all their our beds fast asleep. The process still continues today, with little thought ever given to what we are stealing away. Our intentions are good but our methods need adjustment, and they needs to be done immediately. In fact, our methods should have been changedRead MoreThe Problem of Light Pollution1613 Words   |  7 Pagesapproaches in design reduce the problem of light pollution? Research question How can new approaches in design reduce the problem of light pollution? Background In most situations, light helps us see. But when it comes to looking at the night sky, light is actually a kind of pollution. Light pollution is the pollution caused by misplaced artificial light. It is a rapidly increasing environmental problem. In the urban landscape that we live in, light pollution can have implications for the visualRead More light pollution Essay3074 Words   |  13 Pages Light pollution happened slowly at first which was several decades ago it was a process that was hardly noticeable. A light here, a light there, burning way into the dark nighttime realm, helping us see in the darkness when people all their our beds fast asleep. The process still continues today, with little thought ever given to what we are stealing away. Our intentions are good but our methods need adjustment, and they needs to be done immediately. In fact, our methods should have been changedRead MoreLight Pollution And The Problems It Creates1595 Words   |  7 PagesLight Pollution and the Problems it Creates Sci-fi Synopsis: The year is 2258, and in an effort to keep up with the increase in population and industrialization, artificial light has increased to the point where one can no longer tell the difference between night and day, since it is always daytime somewhere in the world. The public have long since forgotten about the sun and the stars. People must initiate certain protocols in their homes in order to gain the dark necessary for sleep. One nightRead MoreLight Pollution And Its Effects On Health1544 Words   |  7 Pages Most people have heard of air pollution, water pollution, and many kinds of pollution like them. Issues like these are covered extensively in the media and are targeted by many environmental groups. In fact, many of these issues play significant roles in political elections. 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Pollution is the adding-of/added light itself, in analogy to added sound, carbon dioxide, etc. Adverse consequences are multiple; some of them may not be known yet. Scientific definitions thus include the following: †¢ Degradation of photic habitat by artificial light. †¢ Alteration of natural light levels in the outdoor environment owing to artificial light sources. †¢ Light pollution is the alteration of light levels in the outdoor environment (fromRead MoreLight Pollution And Its Effect On The Earth998 Words   |  4 PagesLight, is a type of wave that has electromagnetic radiation, traveling in transverse waves at a different wavelength from the sources to be visible to the human eye. With the presence of light, human could see things with the sense of sight. The light come from different sources but mainly from sunlight which enable process of photosynthesis where plants make their food and sustain life on earth. Light, is also a sign of civilization, showing the presence of human whenever light is seen from theRead MoreLight Pollution: The Dark Side of Outdoor Lighting3064 Words   |  13 Pagesall the incandescent light bulbs in your home with energy-efficient compact fluorescent lamps (CFL) or light-emitting diode (LED) bulbs. However, you may be unwittingly contributing to carbon emissions and interfering with delicate ecosystems through light pollution. Light pollution, unlike other forms of contamination and waste, remains largely overlooked and unregulated in industrialized countries. Learn more about the cause, different types, and effects of light pollution, and how adjusting yourRead MoreLight Pollution : An Earthquake Shook Los Angeles2188 Words   |  9 PagesJoel Barnett Claudia Moura Pols 1 Dec 1, 2014 Light Pollution In 1994, an earthquake shook Los Angeles, knocking out its power and leaving its inhabitants stranded in darkness. In the hours that followed the blackout, many anxious residents called local emergency centers to report seeing a strange â€Å"giant, silvery cloud† in the dark sky. According to Terence Dickinson in his book Nightwatch: A Practical Guide to Viewing the Universe, some people even believed a â€Å"sudden brightening of the stars.

Business Economics The Gap Between Abstract Theory And...

RESEARCH ASSIGNMENT Assignment 1:- â€Å" Business economics which is the gap between abstract theory and business practice. It uses tools of economic analysis in classifying problems, in organizing and evaluating information and in comparing alternative courses of action.†Outline the nature and scope of business economics in the light of this statement. INTRODUCTION Every field of study has its own language and its own tactics. Just as accounts deals with profit loss, income statement and mathematics deals with algebra etc. Economics is also not different it has its own way of thinking and language. Like we go to restaurant to eat and attend school to gain knowledge. In nutshell every activity is conducted for a specific purpose or reason. Economics enable us to see through the eyes of an economist and enable us to understand every single different aspect of the economy. The scope of economics is way to vast some major branches are as follow: †¢ Development Economics †¢ Monetary Economics †¢ Labour economics †¢ International Economics †¢ Agriculture Economics †¢ Managerial Economics BUSINESS ECONOMICS (MANAGERIAL ECONOMICS) According to Davis and Chang â€Å"Managerial Economics applied the principles and methods of economics to analyse problems faced by management of a business, or other types of organization and to help find the solutions that advance the best interest ofShow MoreRelatedDiscuss What Managerial Economics Is All About3425 Words   |  14 PagesIntroduction Managerial Economics and Business economics are the two terms, which, at times have been used interchangeably. Of late, however, the term Managerial Economics has become more popular and seems to displace progressively the term Business Economics. The discovery of managerial economics as a separate course in management studies has been attributed to three major factors: i) The growing complexity of business decision-making processes, because of changing market conditions and the globalizationRead MoreThe Principles Of Scientific Management1262 Words   |  6 Pagespyramids. However, it was not until early 1900s that the practice of management was given theoretic approaches. Five key management theories have been developed since then: scientific management, structural approach, human relations, systems approach, and contingency. Each approach was developed and influenced by the time period making a significant impact even on today’s modern management principles. Taylorism, the principles or practice of scientific management, was introduced by a devout QuakerRead MoreResearch on the Influence of Informatization1698 Words   |  7 PagesTHE INFLUENCE OF INFORMATIZATION 1 Research on The Influence of Informatization On The Accounting Theories and Practices and Real-time Control in China Yang Lu Fairleigh Dickinson University RESEARCH ON THE INFLUENCE OF INFORMATIZATION 2 Abstract The 21st century is an information age of rapid development and the computer is more and more widely used in every country. As a developmentRead MoreCsr And How It Affects The Bottom Line1388 Words   |  6 PagesSustainability is vital for business, now more prevalent than ever before. With the growing global concerns over the environment, taking effective and necessary steps in implementing CSR will prove beneficial, protecting the environment while driving profits. 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I Just Wanna Be Average free essay sample

â€Å"I Just Wanna Be Average† By: Mike Rose Summary: In the story â€Å"I Just Wanna Be Average† the author Mike Rose argues that society very often neglects and doesn’t see the full value and potential of students. As a student you’re not the only that is frustrated. Rose explains how even dealing with the issues and difficulty of a highly respected professor you can still somehow find comfort as a student and learn to deal with the issues of the professor in your own way. Rose also points out that the impact a teacher has on his or her students is very powerful.I know from experience that when you as a student can respect and relate to a teacher your more willing to put as much effort as you can into your own work. Rose proves with his points throughout the story that students who are not as well off as others can’t be understood. We will write a custom essay sample on I Just Wanna Be Average or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Analysis: Ethos: Seeing Rose’s credibility in his story this quote was mentioned â€Å"I see nothing (in proposed regulations) for people striving for higher standards† meaning that he doesn’t see any reasoning to put all these rules and situations on someone’s plate if they are trying to better themselves or pushing for higher standards.Rose also clearly believes that every single student have a right and can reach their maximum potential, and rise to their own expectations. As Rose himself states most teachers and professors have no idea the extent or how to reach a child’s imagination who is just â€Å"In their own mind. † Students should always take blame and control of their own education, but teachers and professors should also be setting higher standards for students because as Professor Rose stated the students will ise to the standard you set for them. How did Jones do this? Hmmmm.    No. No, that wont work. Your attention wavers, with this being said I see Rose’s point if teachers would make these remedial classes more exciting students would begin to understand the subjects a lot more and their minds wouldn’t wander as much. Pathos: Mr. Mike Rose was placed into this vocational track â€Å"on accident†, because the school had made an error with his last name and another person with the same last name.The students in this track were often labeled as â€Å"unruly, and not motivated† and of course the parents and students are faced with embarrassment which can be tragic just from an error this school had made. If Professor Rose had not taken that single Biology course his sophomore year in â€Å"Our Lady of Mercy† his educational career as a professor would not have been a success. It is always very important teachers understand the importance and responsibility of their role that is in these student’s everyday lives, they shape the way these st udents think, and understand everyday education we use.During the essay Ken Harvey mentions that he just wants to be average and considers himself to be below average while Rose is thinking to himself what an absurd comment it was. When an individual is constantly told that he or she is not smart they can’t do this or that it lowers their confidence and they actually start working at that level and not striving for the highest standard. Teachers and or professors have many responsibilities including the most important one which is knowing and making sure the student or child understands every single lesson they teach.Logos: Mike rose clearly demonstrates that teachers and students as well have to and must take active roles in any education program. Any type of person of education which can be a teacher, professor, teacher’s assistant, daycare provider, etc must meet needs of all of these children and students. On the other hand it is very critical for the students placed into these vocational track programs that these teachers change the way they instruct to meet the eeds of these students that are troubled and can’t quite understand subjects as well as other students, and make sure they u nderstand each and every bit of information given in lessons. Teachers must be prepared and competent so they can also provide their students with the skills necessary to be successful, no matter what program the student is in. Often times students potentials are not realized because they are mislabeled and teachers don’t take the time of day to understand these children.

Film Analysis A Clockwork Orange Essay Example

Film Analysis A Clockwork Orange Essay A Clockwork Orange (1971) directed by Stanley Kubrick, based on Anthony Burgess’ 1962 novel, is a cult classic and psychological chiller. The movie is based in future Britain, crime ridden and hoodlums running amuck, and centers around 17-year-old sociopath, Alex. He is a troubled child, often skipping school after late night runs with his cronies Pete, Georgie and Dim; the gang goes around assaulting homeless men, breaking into homes to rape woman, steal and vandalize.After Alex is jailed for assaulting, and later finding out, murdering a woman in her home, he is jailed and chosen as a behavior modifier test subject and conditioned to abhor â€Å"ultraviolence†. Thrown back into the world, completely changed and defenseless, Alex becomes victim to his past crimes. Alex’s life is ruled by the id. He lives for instant gratification of his wants and needs. Alex lacks both and ego and a super-ego. He does not have morals. Alex and his gang viciously beat a homeless man, and fought another rival gang, almost to death. Whilst beating a man, he was jubilantly singing and dancing to â€Å"Dancing in the Rain† and then proceeded to rape a woman. That very night, he went to the local â€Å"milk bar† (milk is laced with drugs) and showed no remorse for what he had done. His super-ego is non-existent so his ego has nothing to differentiate from and is completely controlled by the id. Throughout the whole movie, Alex never shows remorse. He says that he’s changed during the behavior modification tests, but it was only to stop the experiment. We will write a custom essay sample on Film Analysis A Clockwork Orange specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Film Analysis A Clockwork Orange specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Film Analysis A Clockwork Orange specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Alex has Narcissistic Personality Disorder, he is self-obsessed, he is the narrator of the story, and feels no compassion for others outside of his own personal gain. He uses his charm and good looks to woo women and make other’s empathise for him.He is a master manipulator and abusive to his friends. He even at one point whips George with a cane and cuts Dim’s hand with a knife merely because they su

Why did Prohibition Fail Research Paper Example

Why did Prohibition Fail Research Paper Example Why did Prohibition Fail Paper Why did Prohibition Fail Paper The act of Prohibition was introduced within the American culture during the twentieth century, within the subject of alcoholic abuse and increasing establishments of saloon bars within rural and urban states. The act of Prohibition was introduced due to the strong temperance movements within the rural states present in the nineteenth century; which included Devout Christians and the Anti- Saloon League presenting their ideas and opinions on the effects of alcoholic abuse within the family environment. The members involved within the groups which created the stigma of alcohol, in the act of Prohibition, presented their case on a political view within their local state. The states were persuaded to prohibit the sale of alcohol, which lead into a wide spread National law on the purchase of alcohol. The Prohibition act came into effect on January 16th 1920, as Prohibition became a law under the Volstead act. Prohibition was set to improve the social, health and crime effects of alcohol within the country. The use of patriotic pride was used to decline the alcoholic abuse present within the country; as many German breweries were exporting alcohol which was being purchased by American citizens. The First World War boosted the amount of dries (non-alcohol consumers), due to the un-patriotic movement of drinking German products. The Bolshevism community within the Russian revolution thrived on the use of alcohol, which created lawlessness in society. Russia was one of many countries which introduced Prohibition, known as the Suhoy Zakon, but America wanted to prevent the act of communism within society, which created the final amendment stated. Politicians backed the Prohibition act due to the fears of communism, but with the added bonus of rural votes for the Politicians involved, as this was a strong view present in rural states. Prohibition was present from the 1920s up to the year of 1933, but why did Prohibition fail?. This question is a debatable topic within the subject of American History, as Prohibition did prove successful illustrating a decline of alcoholic drinkers, but in this essay I will discuss the problems which ended the law of Prohibition in the 1930s. Prohibition was seen as a successful law within rural states, but many urban states did not comply with the law; which was seen as a failure as a law should apply to all states or districts of a country. The state of Maryland did not introduce the law of Prohibition, which illustrated the first problem involved in the failure of the noble experiment. The poor presence of public support created a downfall for Prohibition which saw the birth of Prohibition agents, two successful agents Isadore Einstein and his deputy Moe Smith. These agents saw the closure of speakeasies within America, as they ordered drinks in the speakeasies, taking samples to arrest offenders. The agents made 4392 arrests within the illegal bars (speakeasies), but public determination on the consumption and purchase of alcohol saw the rise of illegal imports of alcohol, which proved too wide spread for the control of government agents. Enforcement of the Prohibition law proved impossible to keep under control, as illegal imports of alcohol from Canada-across the widespread border and the purchase of alcohol out of USA waters proved inevitable to prevent. The agents were concentrated within the city environments, to prevent the increasing consumption of alcohol in illegal speakeasies. Each agent was poorly funded in the law of Prohibition, which created the rise of illegal stills and bootleggers. Bootleggers produced moonshine, which consisted of a higher concentration of pure alcohol, which caused the deaths of many purchasers of the alcohol. The moonshine contained a high concentration of alcohol, due to the un-professional production of alcohol within stills. Bootleggers became rich people within society, with known fortunes from the Prohibition era, as in the case of Al Capone who earned a vast fortune of $60 million. The production of moonshine saw the increase in illegal stills, with many people making their own whiskey for sale in the speakeasies. Agents seized 280,000 distilleries, but this is only a proportion of stills in use within the period. The Prohibition act is thought to have created more interest in the act of alcohol drinking, as there were more speakeasies than saloons in many cities, due to the vast profit margins involved with selling moonshine. This is one stable reason to conclude the failure of Prohibition, but the factor of crime and gangs- which were supposed to be prevented through Prohibition- contributed to the failure of Prohibition, due to large scale violence within the St. Valentines massacre. The most common image of Prohibition is the era of the powerful gangsters who made their fortunes from the selling of illegal liquor, within local speakeasies of their city. Sources suggest that organised crime gangs made fortunes of about $2 billion out of the trade and sale of alcohol. The gangsters were present all over the USA, but the city of Chicago was closely associated with the presence of gangs. The gangsters on the whole came from poorer immigrant backgrounds, which are closely tied from the melting pot of American society. The concept of immigrants making a fortune off the country which gave them a better quality of life, against the law of the country; I believe is an ironic situation to have, as the guests of a country create fortunes against the political view. This was a large factor of the birth of the gangsters during the era, as they came mainly from Jewish, Polish, Irish and Italian backgrounds. The gangsters were full of cunning and ruthless ideas, which ended in the massacre of many gangs on St. Valentines Day. The gangs fought viciously with each other to control the liquor and Prostitution trade, within the speakeasies environments. The gangs made good use of new technology, with automobiles and the Thompson sub machine gun to concentrate the use of fear and violence on other opposing gangs. Dan OBanion, Pete and Vince Guizenberg, Lucky Luciano and Al Capone were some of the most ruthless gang leaders at the time of Prohibition. In Chicago alone, there were 130 gang member murders within 1926 and 1927 and not one arrest was made. This was the effect of the fear of the gangs, which proved successful in preventing law enforcement against their trade. Gangster leader Al Capone is one of the famous gangsters in relation to the prohibition law, as his tactics of violence and cunning intuition within society illustrated a strong profile in the public eye. Capone was a regular at sport games, with cheered applause of fans as Capone donated generously to local charities, with the case of $30,000 on a soup kitchen for the unemployed. The violent side of Capones leadership was illustrated with the beating of a betrayed member to his loyalty, which included the beating of a baseball bat, causing immense damage to his un-loyal members. The un-predictable behaviour of the gang member proved successful in his own right, with the control of the mayor (William Hale Thompson) under the generous pledges of charity. Prohibition led to a massive widespread corruption within the services of Law enforcement during this period, as fear of gangster violence and briberies persuaded the law enforcement officers to turn a blind eye to the law of Prohibition, which was one of the main reasons for the failure of the noble experiment. Large breweries were bribing many local government officials for their businesses to stay in production. Briberies included money and in some cases alcohol, which was creating a large corrupt police force within larger cities of the USA. The conviction of guilty bootleggers was seen to die out, as many judges accepted the bribe of payment from suspected criminals. A national cartoon from the Prohibition era named- The National Gesture, illustrated the large corruption involved in this time period, due to the illustrated hand behind the back picture incorporated into bribery. Many businesses thrived on the corruption of Law enforcement, but most importantly the law enforcers were making a profit out of the law they were supposed to be protecting, creating a mockery of Prohibition. In conclusion, I believe the most probable reason for the failure of the Prohibition era is the factor of the widespread corruption involved, as law enforcers were making a profit out of a law set by the national government. If the law is not being enforced by the enforcers, then the law is non valid, which was supposed to improve social benefits; but this proved incorrect, as large scale bribery increased the production of alcohol. The prohibition era caused national tax problems, which was successfully reversed in the re-introduction of legal drinking. This factor of tax could be a possible reason for ending the Prohibition on a political view, but I believe the corruption of law enforcement was the most important reason, as there is no law without law enforcement present.

Research Project Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Research Project - Dissertation Example It has been estimated that in the next four years, the mobile industry would be investing around $793 billion in the capital and about $2.7 trillion to the public funding. Various research states that the global base of subscribers would be approximately around 4.6 billion, and the number of mobile connections would reach to around 9.1 billion by the end of 2015, which is presently around 6.6 billion. The mobile industry is considered as a success story (The Economic Times, 2012; AlShebil, 2007). This is because of its power, which has also transformed the other industries such as healthcare, transaction, payments, education, etc (Sandle, 2013). According to GSM Association, Mobile penetration of around 10 percent escalates the GDP of a developed by around 0.6 percent and 0.81 percent of any developing country. Even in the low income countries, around 1-0 percent increase in mobile penetration increases 1.4 percent of GDP (The Economic Times, 2012). However, these are all assumptions , but according to Gartner (2013), the sales of mobile phone declined by 1.7 percent in the first quarter of 2012. The tables have shifted and the leadership in mobile phone industry has gone from Nokia to Apple and Samsung, which is controlling about 52 percent of Smartphone sales presently (Cyber Media Research, 2013). In 2012, it was recorded that the sales of mobile phones worldwide was around 1.75 billion units in the year 2012, which increased to 207.7 million units at the end of the same year. This indicated a hike of 38.3 percent in sales (Egham, 2013). Garter has also predicted that the demand for feature phone is likely to fall considerably in 2013. This is mainly because of the increasing demand for smart phones. Samsung has taken the lead in the smart phone industry followed by Apple. Companies like Huawei, Blackberry, ZTE, Nokia, LG, HTC, and Motorola has strong presence in the global mobile market too. However, with the strong support of Android software, Samsung is ca nnibalizing the market share of most of the market leaders (Egham, 2013; Czinkota, and Ronkainen, 2007). 1.2 Research Problem The mobile phone market is saturated with products, yet every day a new piece of innovation can be seen. The market leaders are cannibalizing each others’ market share. In this scenario, it becomes difficult to identify the swift changes in demand for a particular mobile brand. However, in this research study the changing demands and preference for Iphones and Blackberry

COMMUNICATION Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

COMMUNICATION - Essay Example In a group situation, I will listen mostly and will intervene only when someone is providing misinformation. When I know that the person with whom I am conversing is more knowledgeable, I prefer to listen and will not like to give suggestions, unless specifically asked to do so. Do I ?nd it necessary to use many descriptive terms when speaking, or do I prefer short, succinct sentences? I prefer to use short sentences. Being a listener by nature, in my style of conversation ears will be better engaged than the tongue. In my replies I prefer to be crisp, may not be witty, but I will answer to the point, nothing more, nothing less. Time is precious and I will not like to waste the time with whom I am conversing, nor like to allow him to waste my time. I will not sermonise on a topic on which I do know much about. I like to be brief. Do I prefer cause-and-effect situations as opposed to creative, ambiguous dilemmas? I do prefer cause and effect situations and I do not like dilemmas or co nfusion. While conversing, I have in the back of my mind invariably that I need to concentrate on the essence of the issue, and not talk in a roundabout way. When I say something and answer about a particular issue, it must be based on reasoned premises. I hate creating dilemmas and confusing situations. The purpose of a conversation (unless it is a formal and casual talk) is to find an acceptable solution, and as such there is no point in getting more and more confused. Do I prefer to be alone or be with others? I prefer to be alone. I do not like promoting myself, speaking up and networking. My philosophy of life is to ‘talk less, work more and walk more’. I am an introvert. I do believe that brazen confidence is not the exclusive property of the extroverts and introverts too are entitled for that. I entirely agree with the observation â€Å"introverts prefer less stimulating environments and tend to enjoy quiet concentration, listen more than they talk and think bef ore they speak†. (Jenna Goudreau, n. p.)Historical information provides strength to my position as some of the ideas for big innovations and great leadership come from introverts. Unless there is a cause or a common purpose, engaging in directionless and destination less conversation is waste of time, and as such I enjoy my solitude. Do I prefer to make decisions alone, or do I prefer to work things out with others? I do like to work things out alone, but I do also like to ask others for opinions, as I believe that a person should not make important decisions alone. The wise saying goes ‘Two heads are better than one’. Decisions taken by sharing knowledge are likely to fructify and give positive results. Each individual may have expertise in a particular area, and in the environment of a big hospital, one has to work in different situations. So, when a critical decision needs to be made, that has bearing on the life of the patient, I consider it my professional du ty to take a decision in consultation with my experienced colleagues. Sharing information and taking counsel from others has only advantages and no disadvantages. Summary of my communication style I have my nursing job; I have a family to take care; I have my friends circle; I am part of the society, a cultural and religious group. As such my communication

Bullying and School Essay Example for Free

Bullying and School Essay Bullying has become one of the most serious issues facing our schools today. We’ve all heard the sad tales of children, some as young as 11, committing suicide because they could no longer deal with the bullying they experienced in school. In July 2008, the U.S. Congress began work on legislation for H.R. 2262, the Safe School Improvement Act, which would require schools to collect data, establish disciplinary guidelines and develop a system for registering complaints to combat bullying in our schools. However, as school counselors we can’t wait for laws to be passed to take action. We need to make a difference now. I started my quest to stop bullying at Midway Elementary School in Midway, Utah, six years ago. I attended conferences, read books and studied various programs. I learned a lot about the statistics and issues but little about specifically what to do. So I began taking steps to develop a program that would help my school and others combat school bullying. In my search for knowledge I discovered a fascinating study by Dr. Kenneth Merrell from the University of Oregon on the effectiveness of school bullying intervention programs. The study results showed that bully intervention programs, especially those aimed specifically at bullies, were effective in raising the level of awareness among students and staff but did little to reduce bullying behaviors. Merrell, along with others, recommend a schoolwide comprehensive approach to bully prevention. According to the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, programs cracking down on individual bullies rarely work, but when there is a sch oolwide commitment to end bullying, it can be reduced by up to 50 percent. Program Framework As my program evolved over the years I identified four hallmarks of a successful schoolwide bully prevention program. Lead to systemic change: Successful programs bring about systemic change. The factors contributing to bullying in any school environment are complex and nebulous. The only way to have an impact on these critical factors is to cast a wide net. There must be change at all levels in the school environment and in the community. You are literally changing the culture of the entire school. You need to utilize all existing programs and resources such as comprehensive school counseling programs, positive behavior interventions and supports, character education, the parent-teacher organization, schoolwide discipline programs, grade-level teams or professional learning communities and more. Garner commitment from all: Schoolwide bully prevention programs require commitment from all stakeholders. Although your school may have a small team to oversee the bully prevention program, collaboration among administrators, school counselors, teachers, students, parents, secretaries, custodians, lunch workers, librarians, bus drivers, etc. is essential for success. Teach comprehensive strategies and skills: Effective programs are comprehensive. Teaching students about specific issues related to bullying is only one aspect of an effective schoolwide program. There are many supporting concepts and social skills you also need to address, such as conflict resolution, tattling vs. reporting, respect, accepting differences, teasing, cliques, relational aggression, cooperation and more. Effective data analysis will help you identify many of these specific needs. Continue year after year: Many times schools will bring in a pre-packaged bully prevention program, have a big anti-bullying campaign, raise a lot of awareness and then call it good. Effective bully prevention programs are not a one-shot deal. Effective prevention programs are nonstop. They require intervention, data to assess the program’s effectiveness and components, and ongoing specific targeted interventions for bullies, their victims and the bystander population. Key Components Eight key components, best implemented sequentially, have led to the success of Midway Elementary’s bully prevention program. Administrative support: An extremely important aspect of starting a bully prevention program is soliciting the support of your school administrators. Without strong and effective leadership, systemic change is difficult. As leaders in the school, administrators should become experts on bullying issues. They should form a bully prevention team and identify a go-getter staff member to lead this team. The administrators need to develop an anti-bullying code of conduct and communicate it to all stakeholders, especially students. Most importantly, administrators should establish the tone and expectations for students and staff and outline clear and consistent consequences for students who violate the anti-bullying code of conduct. Consequences should be based on a level system for first and subsequent offenses. It is important to follow district guidelines when establishing the level system. School administrators should utilize a behavior referral system to provide valuable data. The behavior referral system should include specific information that will help provide meaningful data to identify areas of concern and needs. Administrators should involve parents of both victims and bullies, especially for repeat offenders, to discuss concerns, outline consequences and form a strategic plan to stop the bullying behaviors. Schoolwide positive behavior interventions and supports program: If your school doesn’t have a PBIS program, I would highly recommend implementing one. Use the PBIS program to establish clear schoolwide rules. The rules should be specific to location, taught to all students and posted throughout the school. Introduce desired behaviors, clearly teach them and then model them. Once you’ve taught the behaviors, reinforce student compliance using a variety of incentive programs. Use data to measure the effectiveness of your program and to identify ongoing areas of concern. Data: I use two types of data, behavioral referral data and surveys given to students, parents and staff. Data can provide baseline information, measure the effectiveness of your program, discover areas of concern and identify chronic bullies and their victims. Online surveys will help gather subjective data to assess stakeholders’ level of concern, to measure student awareness and knowledge, to solicit input from staff members and to assess parent perspectives and concerns. Office behavior referral data provide objective data for analysis. Behavior referral forms or systems should include information directly related to bullying. By regularly reviewing these data, you can identify types of bullying, locations, repeat offenders and victims. Upon identifying specific problems, bully prevention team members should develop a plan of action to deal with the issues. Staff training: All staff members should receive training to include definitions of bullying, types of bullying, effects of bullying on victims, school code of conduct and expectations, legal liability based on state law and, most importantly, how to intervene when they witness bullying incidents or a student reports it to them. Make sure your staff training includes teachers, administrators, specialists, secretaries, lunch staff, custodians, aides and bus drivers. Student awareness and education: Give all students a basic introductory lesson including definitions for bullying, types of bullying with examples, school code of conduct and expectations, what to do when they are bullied or how to help others as bystanders. Students need to learn about the importance of speaking up and supporting each other with the skills they learn. Establish a common language for discussing bullying issues, and post it in every classroom and in key locations throughout the school. Critical social skills training: Once you’ve taught them the basics, students need additional information and skills to increase their level of awareness and to deal with bullying issues. At Midway Elementary, we’ve spent time on topics such as tattling vs. reporting, conflict resolution, teasing, relational aggression/cliques, cooperation, caring, respect and any other topics that come out of the stakeholder surveys or behavior referral data. Develop classroom guidance lessons to specifically address these needs, and teach students the skills and knowledge necessary to reduce the problem. Targeted interventions for bullies and victims: Data analysis will help you identify chronic bullies and their victims. These students most likely will need highly targeted interventions and supports. When it comes to intervention for bullies there is no silver bullet. The factors contributing to the reasons why children bully others are complex and often almost impossible to identify. Research also suggests that interventions such as out-of-school suspension, peer mediation and group counseling for bullies aren’t effective. Effective interventions include individual counseling/education on issues such as developing empathy; perspective taking; social skills training; anger management; conflict resolution; and identification of psychological disorders such as ADHD, depression and anxiety. Teaching bullies pro-social leadership roles and opportunities for self-competence and success may also be useful. Behavioral strategies such as behavior contracts, check-in/check-out programs, parent meetings, etc. may also be required to facilitate change. It is also important to provide intervention for repeat victims, especially chronic victims. Interventions may include providing an adult advocate, individual or group counseling, social skills training, peer support, structured recess, etc. You may need to refer some students to outside help for more therapeutic interventions to address self-esteem issues, depression and anxiety. Program generalization: Once you’ve taught pro-social behaviors in the classroom, you need to generalize these newly acquired behaviors to various conditions and situations. An effective PBIS program is a great way to teach, model and reinforce desired behaviors. Give appropriate incentives to students who demonstrate the desired behaviors along with verbal praise providing specific examples of why the student is being rewarded. Other program generalization ideas may include: * Posters placed in key locations throughout the school to remind students and staff about the bullying code of conduct and a schoolwide common language. * Buttons worn by both students and staff as a symbol of the school’s commitment to stop bullying. * Student â€Å"spotlight† programs to celebrate students who are positive role models. * Assemblies and student pledges to kick off the school year and to promote school commitment or unity. * Parent and community education via parent/teacher conferences, parent newsletters, school Web sites, community newspaper articles, PTA and community council meetings. School bullying and hazing issues are complex and multifaceted. They require a comprehensive approach to increase the probability of addressing many of the contributing factors. School counselors are in a unique position to promote a comprehensive approach because of their training and expertise in the social and emotional wellness of children and adolescents. School counselors who are trained in the ASCA National Model are familiar with the use of data to drive programs and the delivery of interventions. School counselors understand the importance of early intervention and prevention to promote positive outcomes in behavior and academics. Systemic change requires leadership and, as John Quincy Adams said, â€Å"If your actions inspire others to dream more, learn more, do more and become more, you are a leader.† Parents can play a central role to preventing bullying and stopping it when it happens. Here are a few things you can do. * Teach kids to solve problems without using violence and praise them when they do. * Give children positive feedback when they behave well to help their build self-esteem. Help give them the self-confidence to stand up for what they believe in. * Ask your children about their day and listen to them talk about school, social events, their classmates, and any problems they have. * Take bullying seriously. Many kids are embarrassed to say they have been bullied. You may only have one chance to step in and help. * If you see any bullying, stop it right away, even if your child is the one doing the bullying. * Encourage your child to help others who need it. * Dont bully your children or bully others in front of them. Many times kids who are bullied at home reactby bullying other kids. If your children see you hit, ridicule, or gossip about someone else, they are also more likely to do so themselves. * Support bully prevention programs in your childs school. If your school doesnt have one, consider starting one with other parents, teachers, and concerned adults. When Your Child Is Bullied Many kids are embarrassed to be bullied and may not tell their parents or another adult right away. If your child comes to you and asks for help with a bully, take it seriously. Many times, if kids arent taken seriously the first time they ask for help, they dont ask again. Even if your child doesnt turn to you for help, you can watch for these warning signs that he or she is being bullied. Kids who are bullied often experience * Withdrawal * A loss of friends * A drop in grades * A loss of interest in activities he or she previously enjoyed * Torn clothing * Bruises * A need for extra money or supplies If you think your child is being bullied or if your child has told you that he or she is being bullied, you can help. Parents are often the best resource to build a childs self-confidence and teach him or her how to best solve problems. Here are a few ways you can help * Talk to your childs teacher about it instead of confronting the bullys parents. If the teacher doesnt act to stop the bullying, talk to the principal. * Teach your child nonviolent ways to deal with bullies, like walking away, playing with friends, or talking it out. * Help your child act with self-confidence. With him or her, practice walking upright, looking people inthe eye, and speaking clearly. * Dont encourage your child to fight. This could lead to him or her getting hurt, getting in trouble, and beginning more serious problems with the bully. * Involve your child in activities outside of school. This way he or she can make friends in a different social circle. Some children seem to be bullied all the time, while others rarely get picked on. Why do some kids seem to attract all of the bullies? Kids who are bullied often * Are different from other kids, whether by size, race, sexually, or have different interests * Seem weak, either physically or emotionally * Are insecure * Want approval * Wont tell on their bullies When Your Child Is a Bully Its hard for any parent to believe that their child is a bully, but sometimes it happens. But just because your child bullies doesnt mean that he or she will bully forever. Parents are one of the best resources to help their child stop bullying and start interacting positively with their classmates. Your child may bully if, he or she * Lacks empathy and doesnt sympathize with others * Values aggression * Likes to be in charge * Is an arrogant winner and a sore loser * Often fights often with brothers and sisters * Is impulsive What you can do to stop your child from bullying * Take it seriously. Dont treat bullying as a passing phase. Even if youre not worried about long-lasting effects on your child, another child is being hurt. * Talk to your child to find out why he or she is bullying. Often, children bully when they feel sad, angry, lonely, or insecure and many times major changes at home or school may bring on these feelings. * Help build empathy for others and talk to your child about how it feels to be bullied. * Ask a teacher or a school counselor if your child is facing any problems at school, such as if your child is struggling with a particular subject or has difficulty making friends. Ask them for advice on how you and your child can work through the problem. * Ask yourself if someone at home is bullying your child. Often, kids who bully are bullied themselvesby a parent, family member, or another adult. http://www.ncpc.org/topics/bullying/what-parents-can-do How can parents help to prevent bullying at their childs school? * Talk with and listen to your kids every day. Research shows that approximately half the children who have been bullied never tell their parents about it. Children are often too ashamed of themselves to tell anyone; sometimes they feel that no one can help, not even their parents.1 * Spend time at school and recess. Research shows that 67% of bullying happens when adults are not present. Whether you can volunteer once a week or once a month, you can make a real difference just by showing up. * Be a good example of kindness and leadership. Your kids learn a lot about power relationships from watching you. Any time you speak to another person in a hurtful or abusive way, you’re teaching your child that bullying is ok. * Learn the signs. If you suspect that your child might be bullied, talk with your child’s teacher or find ways to observe his or her peer interactions to determine whether or not your suspicions might be correct. * Create healthy anti-bullying habits early. Help develop anti-bullying and anti-victimization habits early in your children, as early as kindergarten. Coach your children what not to do hitting, pushing, teasing, being mean to others. Equally if not more importantly, teach your children what to do kindness, empathy, fair play, and turn-taking are critical skills for good peer relations. * Help your child’s school address bullying effectively. Whether your children have been bullied or not, you should know what their school is doing to address bullying. Research shows that â€Å"zero-tolerance† policies aren’t effective. What works better are ongoing educational programs that help create a healthy social climate in the school. * Establish household rules about bullying. Your children need to hear from you explicitly that it’s not normal, okay, or tolerable for them to bully, to be bullied, or to stand by and watch other kids be bullied. If your child is bullying, you can help him or her find other ways to exert their personal power, status, and leadership at school. Work with your child, his or her teachers, and the principal to implement a kindness plan at school. * Teach your child how to be a good witness. Children can often effectively diffuse a bullying situation by yelling â€Å"Stop! You’re bullying!† Must bullies stop within 10 seconds when someone tells him or her to stop. * Spread the word that bullying should not be a normal part of childhood. Some adults hesitate to act when they observe or hear about bullying because they think of bullying as a typical phase of childhood that must be endured. It is important for everyone to understand that all forms of bullying physical, verbal, social (gossip, rumors, exclusion from the group), and cyberbullying are NOT a normal part of childhood. * Adults (teachers and parent volunteers) in the classroom should be aware of class social structures. Which children typically affiliate together? Which children are leaders and socially influential? Which children are socially marginalized? Purposefully pairing and grouping children so that children who bully and those who are victims can work together helps to prevent bullying outside the classroom.

The People and Landscape of the Welsh Hillcountry :: R.S. Thomas Poems Poetry Essays

The People and Landscape of the Welsh Hillcountry R.S. Thomas writes about the people and landscape of the Welsh â€Å"hillcountry.† By referring closely to at least two of his poems, show how he makes the Welsh countryside and its inhabitants vivid to the reader. RS Thomas was born in Cardiff in 1913. He was a Parish Priest in Wales for more than 20 years. During this time he taught himself the Welsh language in order to understand the remote hill farmers that are under his care. He writes almost exclusively about the people and landscape of the Welsh hill country. The poems that he writes are lacking in mental emotion but they never lack tender or compassion for the massively hardworking farmers he knows so well. The landscape that Thomas describes so well reflects the grimness of the men’s lives. The people’s lives are never sweetened nor romanticized and the poet has no illusions on its harshness. Yet he has a deep understanding for the hill country and its workers. This shows that R.S Thomas can relate to the Welsh hill country very well. The first poem that I am writing about is called â€Å"The Hill Farmer Speaks†. This poem talks about the life of a farmer who has been greatly affected by his work. The first verse of this poem talks about a man who has no love and no friends. This we learn is because of the land as it says, â€Å"I am the farmer stripped of love and thought and grace by the lands hardness.† This shows the hard work that the man has done over the years has taken from him his love, thought and grace it is also a metaphor making this vivid for the reader. But he wants us to know that he is still a human by saying, â€Å"Listen, listen, I am a man like you.† Alliteration is used here (listen, listen), to cause the affect that the man really is talking to you. The same affect is caused when he says, â€Å"But what I am saying.† It shows you that the mans surroundings are very empty and hostile by it saying, â€Å"Desolate areas rough with dew.† This is also a metaphor showing its vividness to the reader. The second verse of this poem tells us of the wind going over the hill pastures, hill pastures being a feature of any hill farm. After this he says, â€Å"Year after year,† making this process seem constant. In the next three lines there seems to be a link between the ewes and the farmer, where it says, â€Å"The ewes starve, milkless, for want of the new

Nursing Care Delivery Model

Nursing Care Delivery Patient Centered Care and Team Nursing Brittany Saum Pima Medical Institute Jim Follbaum, RN, MSN/Edu 17th of May 2012 Care Delivery Nursing is ongoing and lifelong, for the nurse and the patient. It is not limited to the time spent in the hospital, but follows the nurse and patient for life. It is the nurse that keeps the patient going and gets to know the patient and it is the nurse that delivers the care to the patient. The importance of the way the nurse delivers this care to the patient can make all the difference to the patients stay at the hospital and whether any teaching will be affective or just overlooked.This paper is a comparison between two commonly used most effective ways of care delivery: Patient-Centered Care and Team Nursing. Patient Centered Care Patient centered care is simply just as it sounds, care that places the patient first. In even simpler terms, patient-centered care is a model in which hospital providers partner with patients and th eir families to identify and satisfy the full range of patient needs and preferences, while simultaneously supporting the professional and personal aspirations of their staff (Frampton S. Guastello, Brady, Hale, Smith, & Stone, 2011). Patient centered care is the right care, the highest quality care and the most cost effective care for that one patient (Peraino, Robert A. MD, FACP, 2008). Advantages of Patient Centered Care There are many advantages to patient centered care. The main benefit is continuity of care. Patient centered care also increases nursing autonomy. In turn, it assists with relationships between the patient and nurse as well as the other health care providers involved in the patients care.Patients and families are able to develop a trusting relationship with the nurse who in turn makes it easier for the patient to recover and be happier during their stay in the hospital. Patient centered care seems to be more effective when teaching the patient as well. It allows the patient and family to be involved in their health care. This makes them more willing and compliant to continue on their regimens and get better sooner. Disadvantages of Patient Centered Care One disadvantage of patient centered care is cost.The RNs spend time to do what an unassisted licensed personnel employee can do therefore increasing the costs. One other disadvantage is that nurse to patient ratios have to be low in order to ensure there is enough time to meet the patient’s needs. This also affects the costs on the hospital. They require more RNs daily therefore increasing patient’s costs as well as the hospitals. Team Nursing Team nursing care became more popular during the 1950’s. This was a way to ease the shortage of nurses and to address problems with nursing as it was. Team nursing assigns staff into different teams.A team within this model usually consists of an RN (registered nurse), a LPN (licensed practical nurse), and a UAP (unlicensed assist ive personnel), (Zewekh & Claborn, 2009). The team leader supervises and coordinates all the care provided by those on the team. The team leader is in charge of making assignments for team based on client’s needs and acuity, taking in consideration the assigned nurses strengths and weaknesses. Because the team leader is responsible for delegating specific duties to staff, communication among team members is a crucial part of this type of nursing.The assignments are disscussed at beginning of shift and a meeting at end of shift is held to summerized care given during the shift and questions and comments about the shift can be made at this point. Advantages of Team Nursing â€Å"Team nursing evolved as a way to address the problems with a functional approach,† (Zerwekh & Claborn, 2009). Team nursing is focused on making assignments based on client’s needs and the member’s. The team leader plans assignments based on acuity of clients needs by taking advantag e of nurses strengths.This allows for the client to have better care. One other advantage ot this type of nursing is that the client workload is shared among the team members. This makes the work easier on all of the staff. The workload is shared allowing everyone to work smarter, not harder. It reduces room for error. Disadvantages of Team Nursing The main disadvantage or team nursing is that the leader is untimately responsible for everyone on the team. They must continually evaluate and communicate with all members of the team to ensure that everything is running smoothly.Some team members may not care for this thinking that they are being â€Å"babysat† and non accountable. One of the basis of team nursing is to have group meetings and discussions at the beginning of shift and end of shift. This can be very time consuming which can cause problems due to financial restrictions in use of overtime. Conclusion In conclusion, all nursing model types work for different situatio ns. They just need to be tailored to each individual situation. Patient Centered Nursing and Team Nursing both have everyone’s best interest in mind, the patient and the nurse.If it works for the situation then use the model deemed necessary to make everyone happy. There are advantages and disadvantages to both, and both are needed in every healthcare setting. The decision of which model the facility will use may vary, but the goal will always be the same, excellent nursing care. Related essay: â€Å"Ati RN Community Health Online Practice 2016 B†ReferencesFrampton, S. B. , & Guastello, S. (2010). Putting Patients First: Patient-Centered Care: More than the Sum of its Parts. American Journal of Nursing , 49-53. Frampton, S. , Guastello, S. , Brady, C. , Hale, M. Smith, S. B. , & Stone, S. (2011). Patient-Centered Care Improvement Guide. Retrieved May 15, 2012, from Patient-Centered Care. Org: http://www. patient-centeredcare. org/inside/abouttheguide. html Gannett Healthcare Group. (2012, May). Group: Team-based care works best against hypertension. Retrieved May 15, 2012, from Nurse. com: http://news. nurse. com/article/20120515/NATIONAL02/105280003 Nursing Theories. (2012, January). Models of Nursing Care Delivery. Retrieved May 15, 2012, from Current Nursing: http://currentnursing. om/nursing_theory/models_of_nursing_care_delivery. html Peraino, Robert A. MD, FACP (2008). Patient Centered Care. Retrieved May 16, 2012, from Patient Centered Care. net : http://patientcenteredcare. net/ Weinstock, M. (2010, March). Team – Based Care. Retrieved May 16, 2012, from Hospitals & Health Networks: http://www. hhnmag. com/hhnmag_app/jsp/articledisplay. jsp? dcrpath=HHNMAG/Article/data/03MAR2010/1003HHN_FEA_gatefold&domain=HHNMAG Zwewekh & Claborn (2009). Nursing Today, Transitions and Trends 6th edition. St. Louis, MO. Saunders Elsevier.

Sustainability And A Business Context - 1230 Words

Sustainability The first thing in relation to this topic is to ask what sustainability is. Well according to the oxford English dictionary Sustainability Is ‘the ability to be maintained at a certain rate or level.’ But how is this relatable to a business context? According to Business world Inc. they define sustainability as ‘Business sustainability is often defined as managing the triple bottom line - a process by which companies manage their financial, social and environmental risks, obligations and opportunities. These three impacts are sometimes referred to as profits, people and planet.’ (Gatley, 2010) So why do businesses need sustainability in relation to finances? This is an interesting point because many people often think that†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"They didn’t want to hear much of anything negative,† Thomas said, referring to GM management of a few years back. The bean-counting, keep-the-status-quo system came back to hurt GM in the end. As The Examiner put it: â€Å"This approach can only work for a limited amount of time, for it contains the seeds of its own destruction.† Thomas agrees, saying that the auto industry is very product-driven. While GM was obsessing over the bottom-line, it missed the boat on creating automobiles that more people would buy - and love. (Hill, 2010) The broad bracket of sustainability then goes onto mention the second objective of what it is to be a sustainable business and that is social obligation, many argue that there is no need to have a social obligation that businesses should be all about profit, however there is a growing list of people who suggest it has many positive aspects. In the opinion of Michael Crooke a guest columnist at CNBC he suggests that Social responsibility leads to success in the business world. ‘Until now, legal requirements for corporations focused on one goal: profits. Today, benefit corporations add the legal duty of companies to achieve profits while also focusing on socially responsible activities — also known as Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). As former CEO of Patagonia and now a professor at Pepperdine’s Graziadio School of Business andShow MoreRelatedSustainability Within The Business Context1580 Words   |  7 PagesSustainability, within the business context, has transitioned from a pecuniary model to an ecological modernised ideology. However, such dynamic perspective from external and internal stakeholders, refurbished the sustainable development of businesses, incorporating a more intricate measure of economic, social and ecological perspective. 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